Third Conditional: Past Unreal Situations

This exercise will help you practise the third conditional — a grammar structure used to describe unreal situations in the past. You’ll work with sentences that imagine different outcomes, such as things that didn’t happen but could have. For example, you’ll complete or choose phrases like If I had left earlier, I would have caught the train. Mastering the third conditional will help you express regrets, missed opportunities, and hypothetical results more fluently.

1. If she had studied harder, she _____ the exam.

would pass

passed

would have passed

2. If it hadn’t rained, we _____ for a walk.

would go

would have gone

went

3. They would have arrived earlier if they _____ on time.

left

had left

have left

4. If I _____ about the traffic, I would have taken a different route.

knew

have known

had known

5. Would you have helped me if I _____?

asked

have asked

had asked

6. If we _____ the earlier train, we wouldn’t have been late.

took

have taken

had taken

7. Why wouldn’t she have come if she _____ invited?

was

have been

had been

8. If you had called me, I _____ everything.

would explain

explained

would have explained

9. He wouldn’t have made that mistake if he _____ carefully.

listened

has listened

had listened

10. If they _____ a map, they wouldn’t have gotten lost.

brought

have brought

had brought

11. Would you have gone to the party if you _____ invited?

were

had been

have been

12. If I had seen him, I _____ hello.

would say

said

would have said