Participle clauses

This exercise focuses on participle clauses—structures that use present, past, or perfect participles to express cause, time, condition, or result. For example: Feeling tired, she went to bed early or Built in 1890, the building still stands. These clauses help you make your writing more concise and fluent. You will practice identifying and completing sentences with the correct participle form to match the context. Ideal for B2 learners looking to improve sentence variety and cohesion.

1. _____, she went straight to bed.

Being exhausted by the long journey

Exhausted from the long journey

She was exhausted from the long journey

2. _____, I knew what would happen.

Having seen the film before

I had seen the film before

Seen the film before

3. _____, the castle attracts many visitors.

Building in the 18th century

Built in the 18th century

Was built in the 18th century

4. _____, he needed a moment to react.

Being shocked by the news

Shocked by the news

He was shocked by the news

5. _____, she remained silent.

She did not know what to say

Not knowing what to say

Knowing not what to say

6. _____, the letter contained several errors.

Was written in haste

Written in haste

Hastily written

7. _____, they took extra precautions.

They had been warned about the risks

Having been warned about the risks

Warned about the risks

8. _____, the team had to rethink their strategy.

Being faced with budget cuts

Faced with budget cuts

Facing with budget cuts

9. _____, he decided to take a break.

Overwhelmed feeling

Feeling overwhelmed

He was feeling overwhelmed

10. _____, we stayed indoors.

Given the weather forecast

We were given the weather forecast

Giving the weather forecast

11. _____, he skipped breakfast.

He was late

Running late

Being running late

12. _____, they held an emergency meeting.

Surprising by the outcome

Surprised by the outcome

They were surprised by the outcome